Plant physiology studies vital processes in plants, including photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, mineral nutrition, transport of water and food, growth, and development. It explains how plants function, respond to environmental factors, regulate internal activities, and maintain balance, supporting survival, adaptation, productivity, and overall life processes in diverse ecological conditions.
Photosynthesis in higher plants is the process by which green plants synthesize food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.
Respiration in plants is the process of breaking down food to release energy, supporting growth, repair, metabolism, and essential life activities.
Plant growth and development involve cell division, elongation, differentiation, and hormonal regulation for forming mature structures.
